Open Access

Tyrosinase suppresses vasculogenic mimicry in human melanoma cells

  • Authors:
    • Hiroki Kamo
    • Ryota Kawahara
    • Siro Simizu
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  • Published online on: April 6, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2022.13289
  • Article Number: 169
  • Copyright: © Kamo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that derives from melanocytes; this tumor is highly metastatic and causes poor clinical outcomes in patients. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), a vascular‑like network that is formed by tumor cells instead of endothelial cells, promotes the growth and metastasis of tumors by providing tumors with oxygen‑ and nutrient‑containing blood. VM correlates with a poor prognosis in patients with melanoma, but the melanoma‑specific mechanisms of VM are unknown. The present study revealed that treatment with the melanogenesis stimulators 3‑isobutyl 1‑methylxanthine (IBMX) and α‑melanocyte‑stimulating hormone (α‑MSH) significantly inhibited VM in MNT‑1 human pigmented melanoma cells. Tyrosinase (TYR), an essential enzyme in melanin production, was upregulated on treatment with α‑MSH and IBMX, prompting an examination of the association between TYR and VM. A TYR inhibitor, arbutin, promoted VM in melanoma cells. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9‑mediated knockout (KO) of TYR increased VM by melanoma cells. Notably, even in non‑pigmented melanoma cells, TYR attenuated VM. Although re‑expression of wild‑type TYR suppressed VM in TYR‑KO cells, T373K TYR, a frequently detected mutation in individuals with albinism, failed to inhibit VM. Overall, these results demonstrated that TYR negatively regulates VM, providing novel insights into the antioncogenic function of TYR in melanomas.
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May-2022
Volume 23 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Kamo H, Kawahara R and Simizu S: Tyrosinase suppresses vasculogenic mimicry in human melanoma cells. Oncol Lett 23: 169, 2022.
APA
Kamo, H., Kawahara, R., & Simizu, S. (2022). Tyrosinase suppresses vasculogenic mimicry in human melanoma cells. Oncology Letters, 23, 169. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2022.13289
MLA
Kamo, H., Kawahara, R., Simizu, S."Tyrosinase suppresses vasculogenic mimicry in human melanoma cells". Oncology Letters 23.5 (2022): 169.
Chicago
Kamo, H., Kawahara, R., Simizu, S."Tyrosinase suppresses vasculogenic mimicry in human melanoma cells". Oncology Letters 23, no. 5 (2022): 169. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2022.13289