Premature aging in childhood cancer survivors (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Jarmila Kruseova
    • Andrea Zichova
    • Tomas Eckschlager
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  • Published online on: December 13, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2022.13629
  • Article Number: 43
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Abstract

Progress in medicine has increased the survival time of children suffering from cancer; >80% of patients survive for at least 5 years from the end of treatment. However, there are late effects of anticancer therapy, which accompany this success. Two‑thirds of childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) have at least one late effect (any side effects or complications of anticancer treatment that appear months to years after the completion of treatment), e.g. endocrinopathies, cardiovascular diseases or subsequent cancers, and half of these late effects are serious or life threatening. These late consequences of childhood cancer treatment pose a serious health, social and economic problem. A common mechanism for developing a number of late effects is the onset of premature biological aging, which is associated with the early onset of chronic diseases and death. Cellular senescence in cancer survivors is caused by therapy that can induce chromosomal aberrations, mutations, telomere shortening, epigenetic alterations and mitochondrial dysfunctions. The mechanisms of accelerated aging in cancer survivors have not yet been fully clarified. The measurement of biological age in survivors can help improve the understanding of aging mechanisms and identify risk factors for premature aging. However, to the best of our knowledge, no single marker for the evaluation of biological or functional age is known, so it is therefore necessary to measure the consequences of anticancer treatment using complex assessments. The present review presents an overview of premature aging in CCSs and of the mechanisms involved in its development, focusing on the association of senescence and late effects.
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February-2023
Volume 25 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Kruseova J, Zichova A and Eckschlager T: Premature aging in childhood cancer survivors (Review). Oncol Lett 25: 43, 2023.
APA
Kruseova, J., Zichova, A., & Eckschlager, T. (2023). Premature aging in childhood cancer survivors (Review). Oncology Letters, 25, 43. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2022.13629
MLA
Kruseova, J., Zichova, A., Eckschlager, T."Premature aging in childhood cancer survivors (Review)". Oncology Letters 25.2 (2023): 43.
Chicago
Kruseova, J., Zichova, A., Eckschlager, T."Premature aging in childhood cancer survivors (Review)". Oncology Letters 25, no. 2 (2023): 43. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2022.13629