Prognostic significance of TM4SF1 and DDR1 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer

Huang,Zhijiong; Yao,Hongyu; Yang,Zhijun

doi:10.3892/ol.2023.14035

Prognostic significance of TM4SF1 and DDR1 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer

Authors:
- Zhijiong Huang
- Hongyu Yao
- Zhijun Yang
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Affiliations: Department of Gynecological Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
Published online on: August 30, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14035
Article Number: 448
Copyright: © Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Transmembrane 4 L6 family member 1 (TM4SF1) and discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) are expressed in numerous types of cancer, but their expression in epithelial ovarian cancer and the association between their expression and patient prognosis are unclear. The present study aimed to explore the expression of TM4SF1 and DDR1 and their relationship with prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer. Firstly, the Oncomine and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) platforms were used to compare the expression levels of TM4SF1 and DDR1 in ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissue, and Kaplan‑Meier plotter was used to analyze the association between gene expression and patient prognosis. The proteins interacting with TM4SF1 and DDR1 were analyzed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING), and enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways was conducted for the interacting proteins. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of TM4SF1 and DDR1 protein in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue and to analyze the association between expression and prognosis. The Oncomine and GEPIA analyses showed that the expression levels of TM4SF1 and DDR1 were significantly higher in epithelial ovarian cancer than in normal ovarian tissue, and the analysis of clinical samples revealed that TM4SF1 and DDR1 were coexpressed in some cases. STRING analysis indicated that the TM4SF1 and DDR1 proteins interact with each other. The overall survival and progression‑free survival of patients whose epithelial ovarian cancer coexpressed TM4SF1 and DDR1 were significantly shorter than those of patients lacking TM4SF1 and DDR1 coexpression. Multivariate analysis indicated that TM4SF1 and DDR1 protein coexpression was an independent prognostic factor. In summary, TM4SF1 and DDR1 proteins were coexpressed in some epithelial ovarian cancer tissues and appear to be adverse prognostic factors for epithelial ovarian cancer. In addition, TM4SF1 and DDR1 may have an interactive or mutual regulatory mechanism.

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