Solamargine induces apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cells via downregulating phosphorylated STAT3 expression

Huang,Shuaishuai; Sun,Minyi; Ren,Yu; Luo,Ting; Wang,Xue; Weng,Guobin; Cen,Dong

doi:10.3892/ol.2023.14080

Solamargine induces apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cells via downregulating phosphorylated STAT3 expression

Authors:
- Shuaishuai Huang
- Minyi Sun
- Yu Ren
- Ting Luo
- Xue Wang
- Guobin Weng
- Dong Cen
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Affiliations: Laboratory of Renal Carcinoma, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China, Department of Medical Laboratory, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China, Laboratory of Renal Carcinoma, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China, Department of Medical Laboratory, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
Published online on: September 28, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14080
Article Number: 493
Copyright: © Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Solamargine (SM), an active compound derived from Solanum nigrum, triggers apoptosis and inhibits the metastatic and oxidative activities of various types of tumor cells. However, the effect of SM on human renal carcinoma cells remains unknown. In the present study, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of SM on ACHN and 786‑O cells were elucidated. Specifically, MTT and colony formation assays were conducted to evaluate the impact of SM treatment on the proliferation of ACHN and 786‑O cells, and flow cytometry was conducted to determine the influence of SM on the apoptosis rates of these cells. In addition, the expression of target proteins was determined by western blotting. The results revealed that SM not only inhibited cell viability but also promoted the apoptosis of ACHN and 786‑O cells in a time‑ and dose‑dependent manner. Moreover, treatment of ACHN and 786‑O cells with SM significantly enhanced the caspase‑3, caspase‑8 and caspase‑9 activities. Furthermore, SM downregulated the expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription‑3 (p‑STAT3) and Bcl‑2 but increased the expression of cleaved caspase‑3, ‑8, ‑9 and Bax. BAY2353, a p‑STAT3 inhibitor, inhibited the viability of ACHN and 786‑O cells, increased the expression of cleaved caspase‑9 and Bax and decreased the expression of p‑STAT3 and Bcl‑2. Further experiments demonstrated that SM inhibited tumor growth in xenograft nude mice without causing specific toxicity to the major organs. Collectively, these findings indicated that SM not only inhibited the viability but also promoted the apoptosis of ACHN and 786‑O cells, through a mechanism involving downregulation of p‑STAT3 expression.

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