Clinical significance of the CXCL8/CXCR1/R2 signalling axis in patients with invasive breast cancer

Stępień,Sebastian; Smycz‑Kubańska,Marta; Kruszniewska‑Rajs,Celina; Gola,Joanna Magdalena; Kabut,Jacek; Olczyk,Paweł; Mielczarek‑Palacz,Aleksandra

doi:10.3892/ol.2024.14393

Clinical significance of the CXCL8/CXCR1/R2 signalling axis in patients with invasive breast cancer

Authors:
- Sebastian Stępień
- Marta Smycz‑Kubańska
- Celina Kruszniewska‑Rajs
- Joanna Magdalena Gola
- Jacek Kabut
- Paweł Olczyk
- Aleksandra Mielczarek‑Palacz
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Affiliations: Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40‑055 Katowice, Poland, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40‑055 Katowice, Poland, Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40‑055 Katowice, Poland
Published online on: April 10, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14393
Article Number: 260
Copyright: © Stępień et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The C‑X‑C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8)‑C‑X‑C chemokine receptor (CXCR)1/2 signalling axis is among numerous mechanisms which stimulate the immune system to defend against tumour growth and influence the tumour microenvironment to promote tumour growth. This pathway plays an important role in the development of a number of cancers including breast cancer (BC). The aim of the present study was to analyse the levels of the chemokine CXCL8 and its receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, in the serum of female patients with invasive BC and to assess the expression of these parameters at the mRNA level, considering molecular subtypes and degrees of cancer malignancy. The study group consisted of 62 patients with histopathologically confirmed invasive BC. The control group consisted of 18 patients with histopathologically confirmed fibroadenoma, a benign breast tumour. The levels of CXCL8, CXCR1 and CXCR2 were determined by sandwich ELISA using the CLOUD‑CLONE ELISA kit. CXCL8, CXCR1 and CXCR2 transcript levels were analysed using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Results showed that serum CXCL8 levels in female patients with invasive BC were significantly higher compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). In addition, significantly elevated CXCR1 levels were observed in luminal B human epidermal growth factor receptor 2+ carcinoma compared with those in the control group. Analysis of CXCL8 in the serum of female patients with BC showed a statistically significant difference between clinical stage G1 and G2 (P<0.05), G2 and G3 (P<0.01), and G1 and G3 (P<0.0001). On the other hand, the analysis of CXCR1 and CXCR2 levels in the serum of the patients revealed a statistically significant difference between G2 and G3 (P<0.05). The current study showed that abnormalities in the immune response involving the CXCL8‑CXCR1/2 signalling axis in patients with invasive BC are involved in the development of these tumours. Moreover, the demonstrated severity of changes occurring at protein level may suggest the potential usefulness of their determination as potential diagnostic markers in the clinic.

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