Structure elucidation, anticancer and antioxidant activities of a novel polysaccharide from Gomphus clavatus Gray

Ding,Xiang; Hou,Yiling; Zhu,Yuanxiu; Wang,Panpan; Fu,Lei; Zhu,Hongqing; Zhang,Nan; Qin,Hang; Qu,Wei; Wang,Fang; Hou,Wanru

doi:10.3892/or.2015.3921

Structure elucidation, anticancer and antioxidant activities of a novel polysaccharide from Gomphus clavatus Gray

Authors:
- Xiang Ding
- Yiling Hou
- Yuanxiu Zhu
- Panpan Wang
- Lei Fu
- Hongqing Zhu
- Nan Zhang
- Hang Qin
- Wei Qu
- Fang Wang
- Wanru Hou
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Affiliations: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, P.R. China
Published online on: April 21, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3921
Pages: 3162-3170

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Abstract

A novel heteropolysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Gomphus clavatus Gray was isolated through Sephadex G-200 and DEAE-cellulose columns. The Gomphus clavatus Gray polysaccharide (GCG-1) was mainly composed of β-D-glucosepyranose (β-D-Glu) and α-D-galactopyranose (α-D-Gal) in a ratio of 3:2 and had a molecular weight of ~50,000 Da. The structure of GCG-1 was investigated by a combination of total hydrolysis, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, methylation analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and infrared spectra. The results indicated that GCG-1 had a backbone of (1→4)-β-D-glucosepyranose residues with branches at O-6 and the branches consisted of two with (1→3)-α-D-galactopyranose residue. Antioxidation test in vitro showed that it possessedstrong free radical scavenging activity, which may be comparable to vitamin C and butylated hydroxytoluene. GCG-1 also induced the apoptosis of HepG-2 cells and affected the mRNA expression of various housekeeping genes in the HepG-2 cells. The results indicated that Gomphus clavatus Gray may be an ideal sources for antioxidant and anticancer agents.

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