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Signs of carcinogenicity induced by parathion, malathion, and estrogen in human breast epithelial cells (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Gloria M. Calaf
    • Tammy C. Bleak
    • Debasish Roy

  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: February 11, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.7975
  • Article Number: 24

  • Copyright: © Calaf et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Cancer development is a multistep process that may be induced by a variety of compounds. Environmental substances, such as pesticides, have been associated with different human diseases. Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are among the most commonly used insecticides. Despite the fact that organophosphorus has been associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly hormone‑mediated cancer, few prospective studies have examined the use of individual insecticides. Reported results have demonstrated that OPs and estrogen induce a cascade of events indicative of the transformation of human breast epithelial cells. In vitro studies analyzing an immortalized non‑tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell line may provide us with an approach to analyzing cell transformation under the effects of OPs in the presence of estrogen. The results suggested hormone‑mediated effects of these insecticides on the risk of cancer among women. It can be concluded that, through experimental models, the initiation of cancer can be studied by analyzing the steps that transform normal breast cells to malignant ones through certain substances, such as pesticides and estrogen. Such substances cause genomic instability, and therefore tumor formation in the animal, and signs of carcinogenesis in vitro. Cancer initiation has been associated with an increase in genomic instability, indicated by the inactivation of tumor‑suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes in the presence of malathion, parathion, and estrogen. In the present study, a comprehensive summary of the impact of OPs in human and rat breast cancer, specifically their effects on the cell cycle, signaling pathways linked to epidermal growth factor, drug metabolism, and genomic instability in an MCF‑10F estrogen receptor‑negative breast cell line is provided.
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April-2021
Volume 45 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Spandidos Publications style
Calaf GM, Bleak TC and Roy D: Signs of carcinogenicity induced by parathion, malathion, and estrogen in human breast epithelial cells (Review). Oncol Rep 45: 24, 2021.
APA
Calaf, G.M., Bleak, T.C., & Roy, D. (2021). Signs of carcinogenicity induced by parathion, malathion, and estrogen in human breast epithelial cells (Review). Oncology Reports, 45, 24. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.7975
MLA
Calaf, G. M., Bleak, T. C., Roy, D."Signs of carcinogenicity induced by parathion, malathion, and estrogen in human breast epithelial cells (Review)". Oncology Reports 45.4 (2021): 24.
Chicago
Calaf, G. M., Bleak, T. C., Roy, D."Signs of carcinogenicity induced by parathion, malathion, and estrogen in human breast epithelial cells (Review)". Oncology Reports 45, no. 4 (2021): 24. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.7975