Progress of radiological‑pathological workflows in the differential diagnosis between primary central nervous system lymphoma and high‑grade glioma (Review)

Cao,Luming; Zhang,Mengchao; Zhang,Ying; Ji,Bin; Wang,Xuemei; Wang,Xueju

doi:10.3892/or.2022.8457

Progress of radiological‑pathological workflows in the differential diagnosis between primary central nervous system lymphoma and high‑grade glioma (Review)

Authors:
- Luming Cao
- Mengchao Zhang
- Ying Zhang
- Bin Ji
- Xuemei Wang
- Xueju Wang
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology, China‑Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China, Department of Radiology, China‑Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China, Department of Nuclear Medicine, China‑Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
Published online on: December 8, 2022 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2022.8457
Article Number: 20
Copyright: © Cao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and high‑grade glioma (HGG) are distinct entities of the CNS with completely distinct treatments. The treatment of PCNSL is chemotherapy‑based, while surgery is the first choice for HGG. However, the clinical features of the two entities often overlap, and a clear pathological diagnosis is important for subsequent management, especially for the management of PCNSL. Stereotactic biopsy is recognized as one of the minimally invasive alternatives for evaluating the involvement of the CNS. However, in the case of limited tissue materials, the differential diagnosis between the two entities is still difficult. In addition, some patients are too ill to tolerate a needle biopsy. Therefore, combining imaging, histopathology and laboratory examinations is essential in order to make a clear diagnosis as soon as possible. The present study reviews the progress of comparative research on both imaging and laboratory tests based on the pathophysiological changes of the two entities, and proposes an integrative and optimized diagnostic process, with the purpose of building a better understanding for neurologists, hematologists, radiologists and pathologists.

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