Open Access

Protective effects of ginseng and ginsenosides in the development of osteoarthritis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Jincai Chen
    • Lin Huang
    • Xiaofei Liao
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: August 11, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12164
  • Article Number: 465
  • Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease. Traditional chinese medicine provides a resource for drug screening for OA treatment. Ginseng and the associated bioactive compound, ginsenosides, may reduce inflammation, which is considered a risk factor for the development of OA. Specifically, ginsenosides may exhibit anti‑inflammatory and anti‑oxidative stress activities, and inhibit extracellular matrix degradation by suppressing the NF‑κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Notably, specific ginsenosides, such as compound K and Rk1, may physically interact with IκB kinase and inhibit the associated phosphorylation. Thus, ginsenosides exhibit potential as therapeutic candidates in the management of OA. However, the low water solubility limits the clinical applications of ginsenosides. Numerous effective strategies have been explored to improve bioavailability; however, further investigations are still required.
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October-2023
Volume 26 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Chen J, Huang L and Liao X: Protective effects of ginseng and ginsenosides in the development of osteoarthritis (Review). Exp Ther Med 26: 465, 2023
APA
Chen, J., Huang, L., & Liao, X. (2023). Protective effects of ginseng and ginsenosides in the development of osteoarthritis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 26, 465. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12164
MLA
Chen, J., Huang, L., Liao, X."Protective effects of ginseng and ginsenosides in the development of osteoarthritis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 26.4 (2023): 465.
Chicago
Chen, J., Huang, L., Liao, X."Protective effects of ginseng and ginsenosides in the development of osteoarthritis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 26, no. 4 (2023): 465. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12164