Role of NEL‑like molecule‑1 in osteogenesis/chondrogenesis (Review)

Li,Zihan; Tian,Yihao

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2024.5446

Role of NEL‑like molecule‑1 in osteogenesis/chondrogenesis (Review)

Authors:
- Zihan Li
- Yihao Tian
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Affiliations: Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Beifang Hospital of China Medical University, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
Published online on: October 23, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2024.5446
Article Number: 5
Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

A dynamic balance exists between osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in bone tissue, which can lead to several bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, bone necrosis and bone defects, in cases of insufficient osteogenesis or excessive osteoclastogenesis. NEL‑like molecule‑1 (NELL‑1) was first discovered in 1999 as an osteogenic factor that can prevent or treat bone diseases by increasing osteogenic levels. To date, research has identified multiple signaling pathways involved in improving osteogenic levels. Furthermore, to apply NELL‑1 in clinical practice, researchers have optimized its osteogenic effect by combining it with other molecules, changing its molecular structure and performing bone tissue engineering. Currently, research on NELL‑1 is gaining increasing attention. In the near future, it will definitely be applied in clinical practice to eliminate diseases. Thus, the present study provides a comprehensive review of NELL‑1 in enhancing osteogenic levels from the perspectives of the molecular mechanism, interactions with other molecules/cells, molecular‑level changes, applications in bone tissue engineering and its expression in tumors, providing a solid theoretical basis for its clinical application.

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