The stress hormone norepinephrine increases migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

Barbieri,Antonio; Bimonte,Sabrina; Palma,Giuseppe; Luciano,Antonio; Rea,Domenica; Giudice,Aldo; Scognamiglio,Giosuè; La Mantia,Elvira; Franco,Renato; Perdonà,Sisto; De Cobelli,Ottavio; Ferro,Matteo; Zappavigna,Silvia; Stiuso,Paola; Caraglia,Michele; Arra,Claudio

doi:10.3892/ijo.2015.3038

The stress hormone norepinephrine increases migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

Authors:
- Antonio Barbieri
- Sabrina Bimonte
- Giuseppe Palma
- Antonio Luciano
- Domenica Rea
- Aldo Giudice
- Giosuè Scognamiglio
- Elvira La Mantia
- Renato Franco
- Sisto Perdonà
- Ottavio De Cobelli
- Matteo Ferro
- Silvia Zappavigna
- Paola Stiuso
- Michele Caraglia
- Claudio Arra
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Affiliations: Animal Facility Unit, National Institute of Tumours of Naples ‘Pascale’, Naples, Italy, Pathology Unit, National Institute of Tumours of Naples ‘Pascale’, Naples, Italy, Urogynecological Unit, National Institute of Tumours of Naples ‘Pascale’, Naples, Italy, Urology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Published online on: June 8, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2015.3038
Pages: 527-534

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Abstract

The metastatic process is the most serious cause of cancer death. Norepinephrine, secreted in chronic stress conditions, stimulates the motility of breast and colon cells through β-adrenergic receptor. On these bases, we examined its possible role in metastasis formation and development in vitro and in vivo. Treatments with norepinephrine (β2-adrenoreceptor agonist) in mice xenografted with human DU145 prostate cancer cells increased the metastatic potential of these cells. Specifically, we showed that treatment of mice with norepinephrine induced a significant increase of the migratory activity of cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner and that this process was blocked by propanolol (β-adrenergic antagonist). Mice treated with norepinephrine, displayed an increased number of metastatic foci of DU145 cells in inguinal lymph nodes and also showed an increased expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in tumor samples compared to controls. Moreover, we demonstrated that propanolol induced in norepinephrine treated DU145 cells a E-cadherin finger-like membrane protrusions driven by vimentin remodeling. Altogether these data suggest that β2-AR plays an important role in prostate cancer metastasis formation and that the treatment with antagonist propanolol, could represents an interesting tool to control this process in cells overexpressing β2AR.

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