Role of galectins in lung cancer (Review)
- Authors:
- Wei‑An Chang
- Ming‑Ju Tsai
- Po‑Lin Kuo
- Jen‑Yu Hung
-
Affiliations: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C., Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C. - Published online on: September 4, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6882
- Pages: 5077-5084
-
Copyright: © Chang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
This article is mentioned in:
Abstract
 |
 |
 |
|
Barondes SH, Cooper DN, Gitt MA and Leffler H: Galectins. Structure and function of a large family of animal lectins. J Biol Chem. 269:20807–20810. 1994.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Powell JT and Whitney PL: Postnatal development of rat lung. Changes in lung lectin, elastin, acetylcholinesterase and other enzymes. Biochem J. 188:1–8. 1980. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Buttery R, Monaghan H, Salter DM and Sethi T: Galectin-3: Differential expression between small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancer. Histopathology. 44:339–344. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Cummings RD and Liu FT: Chapter 33 GalectinsEssentials of Glycobiology. 2nd edition. Varki A, Cummings RD, Esko JD, et al: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; La Jolla, California: 2009 | |
|
Hsu YL, Wu CY, Hung JY, Lin YS, Huang MS and Kuo PL: Galectin-1 promotes lung cancer tumor metastasis by potentiating integrin α6β4 and Notch1/Jagged2 signaling pathway. Carcinogenesis. 34:1370–1381. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Ebrahim AH, Alalawi Z, Mirandola L, Rakhshanda R, Dahlbeck S, Nguyen D, Jenkins M, Grizzi F, Cobos E, Figueroa JA and Chiriva-Internati M: Galectins in cancer: Carcinogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. Ann Transl Med. 2:882014.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Thijssen VL, Heusschen R, Caers J and Griffioen AW: Galectin expression in cancer diagnosis and prognosis: A systematic review. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1855:235–247. 2015.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Elola MT, Wolfenstein-Todel C, Troncoso MF, Vasta GR and Rabinovich GA: Galectins: Matricellular glycan-binding proteins linking cell adhesion, migration and survival. Cell Mol Life Sci. 64:1679–1700. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Compagno D, Jaworski FM, Gentilini L, Contrufo G, Pérez González I, Elola MT, Pregi N, Rabinovich GA and Laderach DJ: Galectins: Major signaling modulators inside and outside the cell. Curr Mol Med. 14:630–651. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Varki A, Cummings RD, Esko JD, Freeze HH, Stanley P, Bertozzi CR, Hart GW and Etzler ME: Essentials of Glycobiology. 2nd. (eds). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; Cold Spring Harbor (NY): 2019 | |
|
Belo AI, van der Sar AM, Tefsen B and van Die I: Galectin-4 reduces migration and metastasis formation of pancreatic cancer cells. PLoS One. 8:e659572013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Irie A, Yamauchi A, Kontani K, Kihara M, Liu D, Shirato Y, Seki M, Nishi N, Nakamura T, Yokomise H and Hirashima M: Galectin-9 as a prognostic factor with antimetastatic potential in breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 11:2962–2968. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Choufani G, Nagy N, Saussez S, Marchant H, Bisschop P, Burchert M, Danguy A, Louryan S, Salmon I, Gabius HJ, et al: The levels of expression of galectin-1, galectin-3, and the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen and their binding sites decrease as clinical aggressiveness increases in head and neck cancers. Cancer. 86:2353–2363. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Gillenwater A, Xu XC, el-Naggar AK, Clayman GL and Lotan R: Expression of galectins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck. 18:422–432. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Cindolo L, Benvenuto G, Salvatore P, Pero R, Salvatore G, Mirone V, Prezioso D, Altieri V, Bruni CB and Chiariotti L: Galectin-1 and galectin-3 expression in human bladder transitional-cell carcinomas. Int J Cancer. 84:39–43. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
van den Brule FA, Buicu C, Berchuck A, Bast RC, Deprez M, Liu FT, Cooper DN, Pieters C, Sobel ME and Castronovo V: Expression of the 67-kD laminin receptor, galectin-1, and galectin-3 in advanced human uterine adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol. 27:1185–1191. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Yang J, Zhu L, Cai Y, Suo J and Jin J: Role of downregulation of galectin-9 in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer. Int J Oncol. 45:1313–1320. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Jiang J, Jin MS, Kong F, Cao D, Ma HX, Jia Z, Wang YP, Suo J and Cao X: Decreased galectin-9 and increased Tim-3 expression are related to poor prognosis in gastric cancer. PLoS One. 8:e817992013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Okada K, Shimura T, Suehiro T, Mochiki E and Kuwano H: Reduced galectin-3 expression is an indicator of unfavorable prognosis in gastric cancer. Anticancer Res. 26:1369–1376. 2006.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Pinho SS and Reis CA: Glycosylation in cancer: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Nat Rev Cancer. 15:540–555. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Liu FT and Rabinovich GA: Galectins as modulators of tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer. 5:29–41. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Dimitroff CJ: Galectin-Binding O-glycosylations as regulators of malignancy. Cancer Res. 75:3195–3202. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Campion CG, Labrie M, Lavoie G and St-Pierre Y: Expression of galectin-7 is induced in breast cancer cells by mutant p53. PLoS One. 8:e724682013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhu X, Ding M, Yu ML, Feng MX, Tan LJ and Zhao FK: Identification of galectin-7 as a potential biomarker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by proteomic analysis. BMC Cancer. 10:2902010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Tsai CJ, Sulman EP, Eifel PJ, Jhingran A, Allen PK, Deavers MT and Klopp AH: Galectin-7 levels predict radiation response in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Gynecol Oncol. 131:645–649. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kim SJ, Hwang JA, Ro JY, Lee YS and Chun KH: Galectin-7 is epigenetically-regulated tumor suppressor in gastric cancer. Oncotarget. 4:1461–1471. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Hayashi T, Saito T, Fujimura T, Hara K, Takamochi K, Mitani K, Mineki R, Kazuno S, Oh S, Ueno T, et al: Galectin-4, a novel predictor for lymph node metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. PLoS One. 8:e818832013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Barrow H, Guo X, Wandall HH, Pedersen JW, Fu B, Zhao Q, Chen C, Rhodes JM and Yu LG: Serum galectin-2, −4 and −8 are greatly increased in colon and breast cancer patients and promote cancer cell adhesion to blood vascular endothelium. Clin Cancer Res. 17:7035–7046. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Ding YM, Dong JH, Chen LL and Zhang HD: Increased expression of galectin-1 is associated with human oral squamous cell carcinoma development. Oncol Rep. 21:983–987. 2009.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Chung H, Kim B, Jung SH, Won KJ, Jiang X, Lee CK, Lim SD, Yang SK, Song KH and Kim HS: Does phosphorylation of cofilin affect the progression of human bladder cancer? BMC Cancer. 13:452013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Makino K, Kawamura K, Sato W, Kawamura N, Fujimoto T and Terada Y: Inhibition of uterine sarcoma cell growth through suppression of endogenous tyrosine kinase B signaling. PLoS One. 7:e410492012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Camby I, Belot N, Rorive S, Lefranc F, Maurage CA, Lahm H, Kaltner H, Hadari Y, Ruchoux MM, Brotchi J, et al: Galectins are differentially expressed in supratentorial pilocytic astrocytomas, astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas and significantly modulate tumor astrocyte migration. Brain Pathol. 11:12–26. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Cheng CL, Hou HA, Lee MC, Liu CY, Jhuang JY, Lai YJ, Lin CW, Chen HY, Liu FT, Chou WC, et al: Higher bone marrow LGALS3 expression is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 121:3172–3180. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Endo K, Kohnoe S, Tsujita E, Watanabe A, Nakashima H, Baba H and Maehara Y: Galectin-3 expression is a potent prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res. 25:3117–3121. 2005.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Chen J, Zhou SJ, Zhang Y, Zhang GQ, Zha TZ, Feng YZ and Zhang K: Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of galectin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 19:2073–2079. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kim HJ, Jeon HK, Cho YJ, Park YA, Choi JJ, Do IG, Song SY, Lee YY, Choi CH, Kim TJ, et al: High galectin-1 expression correlates with poor prognosis and is involved in epithelial ovarian cancer proliferation and invasion. Eur J Cancer. 48:1914–1921. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Croci DO, Morande PE, Dergan-Dylon S, Borge M, Toscano MA, Stupirski JC, Bezares RF, Avalos JS, Narbaitz M, Gamberale R, et al: Nurse-like cells control the activity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells via galectin-1. Leukemia. 27:1413–1416. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Nakamura M, Inufusa H, Adachi T, Aga M, Kurimoto M, Nakatani Y, Wakano T, Nakajima A, Hida JI, Miyake M, et al: Involvement of galectin-3 expression in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Int J Oncol. 15:143–148. 1999.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Strik HM, Deininger MH, Frank B, Schluesener HJ and Meyermann R: Galectin-3: Cellular distribution and correlation with WHO-grade in human gliomas. J Neurooncol. 53:13–20. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kuo PL, Hung JY, Huang SK, Chou SH, Cheng DE, Jong YJ, Hung CH, Yang CJ, Tsai YM, Hsu YL and Huang MS: Lung cancer-derived galectin-1 mediates dendritic cell anergy through inhibitor of DNA binding 3/IL-10 signaling pathway. J Immunol. 186:1521–1530. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Saussez S, Glinoer D, Chantrain G, Pattou F, Carnaille B, André S, Gabius HJ and Laurent G: Serum galectin-1 and galectin-3 levels in benign and malignant nodular thyroid disease. Thyroid. 18:705–712. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Vereecken P, Boudjeltia Zouaoui K, Debray C, Awada A, Legssyer I, Sales F, Petein M, Vanhaeverbeek M, Ghanem G and Heenen M: High serum galectin-3 in advanced melanoma: Preliminary results. Clin Exp Dermatol. 31:105–109. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Išić T, Savin S, Cvejić D, Marečko I, Tatić S, Havelka M and Paunović I: Serum Cyfra 21.1 and galectin-3 protein levels in relation to immunohistochemical cytokeratin 19 and galectin-3 expression in patients with thyroid tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 136:1805–1812. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Ouyang J, Plütschow A, von Strandmann Pogge E, Reiners KS, Ponader S, Rabinovich GA, Neuberg D, Engert A and Shipp MA: Galectin-1 serum levels reflect tumor burden and adverse clinical features in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 121:3431–3433. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Vereecken P, Awada A, Suciu S, Castro G, Morandini R, Litynska A, Lienard D, Ezzedine K, Ghanem G and Heenen M: Evaluation of the prognostic significance of serum galectin-3 in American Joint Committee on Cancer stage III and stage IV melanoma patients. Melanoma Res. 19:316–320. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Iurisci I, Tinari N, Natoli C, Angelucci D, Cianchetti E and Iacobelli S: Concentrations of galectin-3 in the sera of normal controls and cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res. 6:1389–1393. 2000.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Barrow H, Rhodes JM and Yu LG: Simultaneous determination of serum galectin-3 and −4 levels detects metastases in colorectal cancer patients. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 36:9–13. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Gaida MM, Bach ST, Günther F, Baseras B, Tschaharganeh DF, Welsch T, Felix K, Bergmann F, Hänsch GM and Wente MN: Expression of galectin-3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res. 18:299–307. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Watanabe M, Takemasa I, Kaneko N, Yokoyama Y, Matsuo E, Iwasa S, Mori M, Matsuura N, Monden M and Nishimura O: Clinical significance of circulating galectins as colorectal cancer markers. Oncol Rep. 25:1217–1226. 2011.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Saussez S, Lorfevre F, Lequeux T, Laurent G, Chantrain G, Vertongen F, Toubeau G, Decaestecker C and Kiss R: The determination of the levels of circulating galectin-1 and −3 in HNSCC patients could be used to monitor tumor progression and/or responses to therapy. Oral Oncol. 44:86–93. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Siegel RL, Miller KD and Jemal A: Cancer statistics, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin. 65:5–29. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Tsai MJ, Yang CJ, Kung YT, Sheu CC, Shen YT, Chang PY, Huang MS and Chiu HC: Metformin decreases lung cancer risk in diabetic patients in a dose-dependent manner. Lung Cancer. 86:137–143. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhang Y, Wang H, Wang J, Bao L, Wang L, Huo J and Wang X: Global analysis of chromosome 1 genes among patients with lung adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, small-cell carcinoma, or non-cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 34:249–264. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhou X, Li D, Wang X, Zhang B, Zhu H and Zhao J: Galectin-1 is overexpressed in CD133+ human lung adenocarcinoma cells and promotes their growth and invasiveness. Oncotarget. 6:3111–3122. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Chung LY, Tang SJ, Sun GH, Chou TY, Yeh TS, Yu SL and Sun KH: Galectin-1 promotes lung cancer progression and chemoresistance by upregulating p38 MAPK, ERK, and cyclooxygenase-2. Clin Cancer Res. 18:4037–4047. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
O'Driscoll L, Linehan R, Liang YH, Joyce H, Oglesby I and Clynes M: Galectin-3 expression alters adhesion, motility and invasion in a lung cell line (DLKP), in vitro. Anticancer Res. 22:3117–3125. 2002.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Chung LY, Tang SJ, Wu YC, Sun GH, Liu HY and Sun KH: Galectin-3 augments tumor initiating property and tumorigenicity of lung cancer through interaction with β-catenin. Oncotarget. 6:4936–4952. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kuo HY, Hsu HT, Chen YC, Chang YW, Liu FT and Wu CW: Galectin-3 modulates the EGFR signalling-mediated regulation of Sox2 expression via c-Myc in lung cancer. Glycobiology. 26:155–165. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Demers M, Rose AA, Grosset AA, Biron-Pain K, Gaboury L, Siegel PM and St-Pierre Y: Overexpression of galectin-7, a myoepithelial cell marker, enhances spontaneous metastasis of breast cancer cells. Am J Pathol. 176:3023–3031. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Reticker-Flynn NE, Malta DF, Winslow MM, Lamar JM, Xu MJ, Underhill GH, Hynes RO, Jacks TE and Bhatia SN: A combinatorial extracellular matrix platform identifies cell-extracellular matrix interactions that correlate with metastasis. Nat Commun. 3:11222012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Nobumoto A, Nagahara K, Oomizu S, Katoh S, Nishi N, Takeshita K, Niki T, Tominaga A, Yamauchi A and Hirashima M: Galectin-9 suppresses tumor metastasis by blocking adhesion to endothelium and extracellular matrices. Glycobiology. 18:735–744. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kadowaki T, Arikawa T, Shinonaga R, Oomizu S, Inagawa H, Soma G, Niki T and Hirashima M: Galectin-9 signaling prolongs survival in murine lung-cancer by inducing macrophages to differentiate into plasmacytoid dendritic cell-like macrophages. Clin Immunol. 142:296–307. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Danguy A, Camby I and Kiss R: Galectins and cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1572:285–293. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Cheng DE, Chang WA, Hung JY, Huang MS and Kuo PL: Involvement of IL10 and granulocyte colonystimulating factor in the fate of monocytes controlled by galectin-1. Mol Med Rep. 10:2389–2394. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kuo PL, Huang MS, Cheng DE, Hung JY, Yang CJ and Chou SH: Lung cancer-derived galectin-1 enhances tumorigenic potentiation of tumor-associated dendritic cells by expressing heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. J Biol Chem. 287:9753–9764. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Schulkens IA, Heusschen R, van den Boogaart V, van Suylen RJ, Dingemans AM, Griffioen AW and Thijssen VL: Galectin expression profiling identifies galectin-1 and Galectin-9Δ5 as prognostic factors in stage I/II non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One. 9:e1079882014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Carlini MJ, Roitman P, Nuñez M, Pallotta MG, Boggio G, Smith D, Salatino M, Joffé ED, Rabinovich GA and Puricelli LI: Clinical relevance of galectin-1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer. 84:73–78. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Kuo P, Bratman SV, Shultz DB, von Eyben R, Chan C, Wang Z, Say C, Gupta A, Loo BW Jr, Giaccia AJ, et al: Galectin-1 mediates radiation-related lymphopenia and attenuates NSCLC radiation response. Clin Cancer Res. 20:5558–5569. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Mathieu A, Saal I, Vuckovic A, Ransy V, Vereerstraten P, Kaltner H, Gabius HJ, Kiss R, Decaestecker C, Salmon I and Remmelink M: Nuclear galectin-3 expression is an independent predictive factor of recurrence for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Mod Pathol. 18:1264–1271. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Wang T, Chu Z, Lin H, Jiang J, Zhou X and Liang X: Galectin-3 contributes to cisplatin-induced myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recruitment in Lewis lung cancer-bearing mice. Mol Biol Rep. 41:4069–4076. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Wu SW, Yu L, Zhou L, Cheng ZN and Tao YS: Expression of Gal-3 and CD82/KAI1 proteins in non-small cell lung cancer and their clinical significance. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 35:124–128. 2013.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Huflejt ME and Leffler H: Galectin-4 in normal tissues and cancer. Glycoconj J. 20:247–255. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Rumilla KM, Erickson LA, Erickson AK and Lloyd RV: Galectin-4 expression in carcinoid tumors. Endocr Pathol. 17:243–249. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Zhu H, Pei HP, Zeng S, Chen J, Shen LF, Zhong MZ, Yao RJ and Shen H: Profiling protein markers associated with the sensitivity to concurrent chemoradiotherapy in human cervical carcinoma. J Proteome Res. 8:3969–3976. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Biron-Pain K, Grosset AA, Poirier F, Gaboury L and St-Pierre Y: Expression and functions of galectin-7 in human and murine melanomas. PLoS One. 8:e633072013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Caulet-Maugendre S, Birolleau S, Corbineau H, Bassen R, Desrues B, Bidon N, Delaval P, Ramée MP, Brichory F and Dazord L: Immunohistochemical expression of the intracellular component of galectin-8 in squamous cell metaplasia of the bronchial epithelium in neoplastic and benign processes. Pathol Res Pract. 197:797–801. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Gopalkrishnan RV, Roberts T, Tuli S, Kang D, Christiansen KA and Fisher PB: Molecular characterization of prostate carcinoma tumor antigen-1, PCTA-1, a human galectin-8 related gene. Oncogene. 19:4405–4416. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Bassen R, Brichory F, Caulet-Maugendre S, Bidon N, Delaval P, Desrues B and Dazord L: Expression of Po66-CBP, a type-8 galectin, in different healthy, tumoral and peritumoral tissues. Anticancer Res. 19:5429–5433. 1999.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Bidon-Wagner N and Le Pennec JP: Human galectin-8 isoforms and cancer. Glycoconj J. 19:557–563. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Henno S, Brichory F, Langanay T, Desrues B, Bidon N, Delaval P, Ramee MP, Dazord L and Caulet-Maugendre S: Expression of Po66-CBP, a galectin-8, in different types of primary and secondary broncho-pulmonary tumors. Oncol Rep. 9:177–180. 2002.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Dazord L, Bourel D, Martin A, Lecorre R, Bourguet P, Bohy J, Saccavini JC, Delaval P, Louvet M and Toujas L: A monoclonal antibody (Po66) directed against human lung squamous cell carcinoma immunolocalization of tumour xenografts in nude mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 24:263–268. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Nagahara K, Arikawa T, Oomizu S, Kontani K, Nobumoto A, Tateno H, Watanabe K, Niki T, Katoh S, Miyake M, et al: Galectin-9 increases Tim-3+ dendritic cells and CD8+ T cells and enhances antitumor immunity via galectin-9-Tim-3 interactions. J Immunol. 181:7660–7669. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Perillo NL, Marcus ME and Baum LG: Galectins: Versatile modulators of cell adhesion, cell proliferation and cell death. J Mol Med (Berl). 76:402–412. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Hughes RC: Galectins as modulators of cell adhesion. Biochimie. 83:667–676. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Heinrich EL, Walser TC, Krysan K, Liclican EL, Grant JL, Rodriguez NL and Dubinett SM: The inflammatory tumor microenvironment, epithelial mesenchymal transition and lung carcinogenesis. Cancer Microenviron. 5:5–18. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Tsai MJ, Chang WA, Huang MS and Kuo PL: Tumor microenvironment: A new treatment target for cancer. ISRN Biochem. 2014:3519592014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI |
