Open Access

A hot and cold tumor‑related prognostic signature for stage II colorectal cancer

  • Authors:
    • Ming Zhou
    • Xiaoxu Ge
    • Xiaoming Xu
    • Biao Sheng
    • Hao Wang
    • Haoyu Shi
    • Sikun Liu
    • Boren Tan
    • Kailun Xu
    • Jian Wang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: July 3, 2024     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14552
  • Article Number: 419
  • Copyright: © Zhou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal and prevalent malignancies. Based on the presence of immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, CRC can be divided into immunologically ‘hot’ or ‘cold’ tumors, which in turn leads to the differential efficacy of immunotherapy. However, the immune characteristics of hot and cold CRC tumors remain largely elusive, prompting further investigation of their properties regarding the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, a predictive model was developed based on the differential expression of proteins between cold and hot CRC tumors. First, the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using digital spatial profiling and mass spectrometry‑based proteomics analysis, and the pathway features of the DEPs were analyzed using functional enrichment analysis. A novel eight‑gene signature prognostic risk model was developed (IDO1, MAT1A, NPEPL1, NT5C, PTGR2, RPL29, TMEM126A and TUBB4B), which was validated using data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The results revealed that the risk score of the eight‑gene signature acted as an independent prognostic indicator in patients with stage II CRC (T3‑4N0M0). It was also found that a high‑risk score in the eight‑gene signature was associated with high immune cell infiltration in patients with CRC. Taken together, these findings revealed some of the differential immune characteristics of hot and cold CRC tumors, and an eight‑gene signature prognostic risk model was developed, which may serve as an independent prognostic indicator for patients with stage II CRC (T3‑4N0M0).
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September-2024
Volume 28 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Zhou M, Ge X, Xu X, Sheng B, Wang H, Shi H, Liu S, Tan B, Xu K, Wang J, Wang J, et al: A hot and cold tumor‑related prognostic signature for stage II colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 28: 419, 2024.
APA
Zhou, M., Ge, X., Xu, X., Sheng, B., Wang, H., Shi, H. ... Wang, J. (2024). A hot and cold tumor‑related prognostic signature for stage II colorectal cancer. Oncology Letters, 28, 419. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14552
MLA
Zhou, M., Ge, X., Xu, X., Sheng, B., Wang, H., Shi, H., Liu, S., Tan, B., Xu, K., Wang, J."A hot and cold tumor‑related prognostic signature for stage II colorectal cancer". Oncology Letters 28.3 (2024): 419.
Chicago
Zhou, M., Ge, X., Xu, X., Sheng, B., Wang, H., Shi, H., Liu, S., Tan, B., Xu, K., Wang, J."A hot and cold tumor‑related prognostic signature for stage II colorectal cancer". Oncology Letters 28, no. 3 (2024): 419. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14552