Open Access

HOXD1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression and is regulated by DNA methylation

  • Authors:
    • Xin Hu
    • Sijia Zhang
    • Xiaoyu Zhang
    • Hongyan Liu
    • Yutao Diao
    • Lianlian Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: October 24, 2024     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2024.8832
  • Article Number: 173
  • Copyright: © Hu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The homeobox (HOX) gene family encodes a number of highly conserved transcription factors and serves a crucial role in embryonic development and tumorigenesis. Homeobox D1 (HOXD1) is a member of the HOX family, whose biological functions in lung cancer are currently unclear. The University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis Portal of HOXD1 expression patterns demonstrated that HOXD1 was downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patient samples compared with adjacent normal tissue. Western blotting analysis demonstrated low HOXD1 protein expression levels in lung LUAD cell lines. The Kaplan‑Meier plotter database demonstrated that reduced HOXD1 expression levels in LUAD correlated with poorer overall survival. Meanwhile, an in vitro study showed that HOXD1 overexpression suppressed LUAD cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In a mouse tumor model, upregulated HOXD1 was demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth. In addition, targeted bisulfite sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that DNA hypermethylation occurred in the promoter region of the HOXD1 gene and was associated with the action of DNA methyltransferases. Moreover, upregulated HOXD1 served as a transcriptional factor and increased the transcriptional expression of bone morphogenic protein (BMP)2 and BMP6. Taken together, the dysregulation of HOXD1 mediated by DNA methylation inhibited the initiation and progression of LUAD by regulating the expression of BMP2/BMP6.
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December-2024
Volume 52 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Hu X, Zhang S, Zhang X, Liu H, Diao Y and Li L: HOXD1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression and is regulated by DNA methylation. Oncol Rep 52: 173, 2024.
APA
Hu, X., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Liu, H., Diao, Y., & Li, L. (2024). HOXD1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression and is regulated by DNA methylation. Oncology Reports, 52, 173. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2024.8832
MLA
Hu, X., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Liu, H., Diao, Y., Li, L."HOXD1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression and is regulated by DNA methylation". Oncology Reports 52.6 (2024): 173.
Chicago
Hu, X., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Liu, H., Diao, Y., Li, L."HOXD1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression and is regulated by DNA methylation". Oncology Reports 52, no. 6 (2024): 173. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2024.8832